Speed Control of Robot with Arduino UNO

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A robot is a mechanical or virtual agent, usually an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by a computer program or electronic circuitry. Robots have replaced human in the assistance of performing those repetitive and dangerous tasks which humans prefer not to do, or are unable to do due to size limitations, or even those such as in outer space or at the bottom of the sea where humans could not survive the extreme environments. Speed control of a Robot is a very important aspect in robot designing.

In this project, we will learn How to control the speed of a Robot with aRDUINO uno. The speed of a Robot can be controlled by controlling the speed of the actuators used in the Robot. Here, we will use DC motor as an actuator for our Robot and the speed of DC motor can be controlled by PWM technique. The ATmega16 microcontroller will generate the PWM signals of different duty cycle using its Timer Counter 0 and Timer Counter 2 and will give the PWM signal to the two enable pins of the DC motor driver. Higher the duty cycle of the PWM signal, higher is the speed of the Robot. In this way, the Arduino UNO will run the Robot in forward direction with different speeds.