Edge Detector Robot with ATmega16 using Analog IR Sensor
This robot can detect one kind of surface (land area) and detects any break or discontinuity in the path and find its way to the destination. This concept is also being utilized for space operations where the robot detects the viscosity of different mediums and moves on one, or protects itself from falling into the craters and deep holes detecting the edges of the land. In order to make this application work we have designed an edge detector robot that would be completely automatic, i.e., no manual control.
In this project, we will learn How to design an edge detector robot with AVR ATmega16 microcontroller using Analog IR Sensor. This robot is an automatic robot i.e no manual control is needed. Normally, the robot moves in forward direction but whenever it detects any edge, break or discontinuity in its path, it will change its direction of movement (in our case it will change its direction towards right) and then again it will move in forward direction. The above process continues till the robot finds a smooth surface. Here, we will use one analog IR sensor to detect edge or discontinuous path. We will place the analog IR sensor in the front side of the robot and the sensor will be pointing downwards. Whenever there is any break or discontinuity in the path, there will be a change in the output of the analog IR sensor and this change will be detected by the ATmega16 microcontroller. But the output of the analog IR sensor is analog in nature, so this signal cannot be processed directly by the microcontroller. For this, we will use the ADC of the ATmega16 microcontroller to convert the analog signal to digital value. After converting the analog signal of analog IR sensor to digital value, the ATmega16 microcontroller will compare the sensor value with a reference value i.e threshold value(3V in our case). If the output of the analog IR sensor is less than the reference value, the ATmega16 microcontroller will send the forward control signal to the DC motor driver (L293D) of the robot to drive the robot in forward direction and if it is greater than the reference value, the ATmega16 microcontroller will send the right control signal to the DC motor driver (L293D) of the robot to drive the robot in right direction. The above processes of ADC conversion, sensor output comparison and robot control continues forever till the power source is there.
Softwares Required
Hardwares Required
Name | Quantity |
AVR Trainer Board-100 with ATmega16 | 1pc |
AVR USB Programmer | 1pc |
12V, 1A DC SMPS Adaptor | 1pc |
Analog IR Sensor | 1pc |
DC Motor Driver | 1pc |
Robot V 4.1 | 1pc |
1 to 1 Connector-Female to Female | 4pc |
10 to 10 FRC Female to Female Connector | 2pc |
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